Atkinson cycle engine (Hybrid cars) Added: 06/02/09 12:00 AM (One year, one month, three days, twelve hours, four minutes, five seconds ago) Photos(3) Rating(0) Viewed(6593)
Keywords: Ford Escape Hybrid, mechanics, Toyota Prius
As you know, the gasoline engine (Otto cycle) is four times, although there is a two-stroke version. Before continuing there is a small historical justice, which is that this cycle was invented by the Frenchman Alphonse Beau de Rocha in 1862, Otto invented but later took the name.
James Atkinson in 1882 designed an engine based on the Otto cycle, was designed to bypass the patent that protected the four-stroke engine. It was not to be a historical anecdote, but the cycle on which has been rescued in recent years for hybrids.
The Atkinson cycle is more efficient because it achieves higher ratios of compression. Gasoline, when it is compressed it tends to explode very soon, which is not interested. But if there is a high compression ratio, the thermodynamic efficiency is higher.
Engines with higher compression ratios need higher-octane gasoline with a. The RON can not speak of the power booster in gasoline, but in reverse, antiknock power. How does Atkinson to increase the compression ratio, but avoid the 95 RON gasoline detonates too soon?
It's easier than you think, simply to delay closing the intake valves, allowing a small flow of gas returning to the intake manifold while the piston is by allowing a higher compression ratio. These valves control the amount of gas in the cylinder and the length of their course of compression. We can consider it as a five times.
Put another way, the race lasts less compression that the expansion stroke. All this helps us to better exploit the energy released during the explosion of gasoline. As there is less mixing in the cylinder is less than the power of an engine of the Otto engine capacity, but the thermodynamic efficiency is higher Atkinson: spend less.
As Atkinson spend less and give less power, are suitable for applications hybrid engines. The electric motor provides the power needed, and combine a good power supply with a really low consumption. Now let's see three examples of current vehicles who use this system:
* 2009 Ford Escape Hybrid: 153 hp 2.5, 7.84 l/100 km (highway), compression ratio 12,3:1
* Toyota Prius II 1.5 78 hp, hybrid power combined 115 hp, 4.3 l/100 km, 13:1 compression ratio
* Toyota Prius III: 1.8 98 hp, 134 hp hybrid combined power consumption of less than 4.3 l/100 km
Hybrids that seek to turn the engine Atkinson regime more efficient, and excess power generated is stored in batteries. This implies that if you lower the engine was used in Atkinson schemes in which not the same thermodynamic efficiency.
This is the pressure-volume diagram of the Atkinson cycle. There is a greater input of heat at constant volume and the other in QP QP ', while the waste heat released by the exhaust gas is decomposed into QO and QO.
If the Otto cycle when dieseliza a bit, gives us the Atkinson cycle. Just look at the similarities: more compression ratio, the higher thermodynamic efficiency, less power. Why not use the Atkinson so massive? It is a good question would not know that answer.
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